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Empress Dowager Cixi - Wikipedia
When Cixi returned from Xi'an, she backtracked and began to implement fiscal and institutional reforms aimed to turn China towards a constitutional monarchy. Upon Guangxu's death in November 1908, Cixi installed the two-year-old Puyi on the throne, but she herself died shortly after.
Cixi | Biography & Facts | Britannica
Cixi was one of the most powerful women in the history of China, active from the 1860s into the 1900s. As mother or adoptive mother of two Chinese emperors, she acted as regent before they were of age and continued to wield considerable influence over China after they formally assumed power.
Cixi: The Woman Behind the Throne - Smithsonian Magazine
The image of Cixi as a cruel and greedy tyrant gained historical traction in 1910, when Backhouse and another British journalist, J.O.P. Bland, published the book China Under the Empress Dowager.
Empress Dowager Cixi: Her Life, Reign, and Mystery
Cixi stands out as infamous in Qing Dynasty history (ruling 1861–1908). Past the smoke and screens, she lived as a powerful ruler behind two of the last emperors, and had a hand in imperial court policy in the last several decades of the Qing Dynasty.
Cixi (1835–1908) - Encyclopedia.com
Cixi, best known as China's empress-dowager or Old Buddha, was the de facto ruler of China for half a century during a tumultuous period of internal and external crises that demanded social and political changes to Qing (Ch'ing) China (1644–1911).
Who Was Empress Dowager Cixi? - History Hit
Active from the 1860s into the 1900s, Cixi was a formidable figure in imperial China, effectively ruling the Qing dynasty’s government for almost half a century. She remains one of the most powerful women in Chinese history.
Cixi, the controversial empress dowager who modernized China
After Cixi seized power, the brilliant queen regent of China never let it go and guided her people into the 20th century. Born in 1835, the girl who would gain fame as the Empress Dowager Cixi...
Cixi - Asia Society
The Empress Dowager Cixi was the last paramount ruler of the Qing Dynasty. While she governed primarily through the regency, her stranglehold on court power held firm for five decades.
The Rise of Empress Dowager Cixi: From Regent to Absolute Ruler of Qing ...
As the Xianfeng Emperor’s consort and mother of the new Tongzhi Emperor, Cixi emerged as China’s de facto ruler during the 1860s, particularly since the East Empress Dowager Ci’an showed little interest in governance. Cixi’s initial regency (1861-1873) demonstrated remarkable political caution.
Empress Dowager Cixi: The Concubine Who Became China‘s Ruler
In the annals of Chinese history, few figures loom as large or cast as long a shadow as Empress Dowager Cixi. For nearly half a century, Cixi was the most powerful woman in China, ruling over the twilight years of the Qing dynasty as regent and de facto sovereign.
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